日常问题100问

日常遇到的小问题记录

  • python怎么安装PIT模块

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    conda install pillow

  • python怎么安装skimage模块

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    conda install scikit-image

  • eclipse中xml报错怎么办
    No grammar constraints (DTD or XML Schema) referenced in the document.

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE xml>

  • tomcat-servlet-jsp 版本映射关系是什么
    http://tomcat.apache.org/whichversion.html

  • servlet-jstl 版本映射关系是什么

    https://www.javasprint.com/java_training_tutorial_blog/java_jee_jsp_servlet_story_jsf_jstl_el_history.php

    http://tomcat.apache.org/taglibs/standard/

  • git如下警告怎么办
    warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in xxx.

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    git config core.autocrlf false

  • git常用命令有哪些

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    #查看待提交文件
    git status
    #查看提交日志
    git log 
    #查看详情，查询出来的commit id
    git show 'commit id'
    #退出
    q

  • windows如何关闭占用端口进程

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    netstat -ano|findstr 8080
    taskkill /f /pid 7556

  • es匹配符有什么区别

    match 分词匹配，不支持通配符
    wildcard 通配符匹配，不分词
    term 精确匹配，不分词，不支持通配符
    fuzzy 模糊匹配，不分词，对中文分词字段使用也不友好。（近似匹配，如”luky”匹配到”lucky”，“下个星期报”匹配到“上个星期报”）

  • join和where有什么区别

    join 交集：on和where结果一样。
    left join 左表全部 右表交集：on左表无效，右表数据更少；where最后结果过滤

  • plsql中文乱码有时有些库查询时中文乱码？
    select userenv(‘language’) from dual;

    查到的值添加环境变量，如：

    NLS_LANG
    AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

  • linux怎么后台启动进程

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    nohup java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.8.0.jar > server.log 2>&1 &

  • java进程栈日志怎么打印？

    jstack -l 进程id > jstack.log

  • 如何用tar命令拆包和合包

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    tar cjf - modules.tar.gz |split -b 300m - modules.tar.gz.

    cat modules.tar.gz.* | tar xj

    tips: yum -y install bzip2

  • cmd怎么计算md5

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    CertUtil -hashfile C:\xxx.tar MD5

    支持：MD2 MD4 MD5 SHA1 SHA256 SHA384 SHA512

  • pip如何指定下载源

    pip3 install ddparser -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/

  • centos7如何开放端口

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    firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9610/tcp --permanent

    firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=9610/tcp --permanent

    firewall-cmd --reload

    firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

    firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule="rule family="ipv4" source address="192.20.130.79" port protocol="tcp" port="23301-23306" accept"

  • centos7没有telnet命令怎么办？

    import socket

    c = socket.socket()

    c.connect((‘192.20.130.79’, 23306))

  • mongo如何如何创建用户

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    db.createUser({user:"mydev",pwd:"123456",roles:[{role:"readWrite",db:"mydev"}]});

    db.createUser({user:"admin",pwd:"123456",roles:[{role:"dbAdmin",db:"mydev"}]});

    db.createUser({user:"root",pwd:"123456",roles:[{role:"root",db:"admin"}]});

    mongodb角色有哪些
    数据库角色：
    read
    readWrite

    数据库管理员角色：
    dbOwner (包含 dbAdmin,readWrite,userAdmin)
    dbAdmin
    userAdmin

    集群管理员角色：
    clusterAdmin (包含 clusterManager,clusterMonitor,hostManager)
    clusterManager
    clusterMonitor
    hostManager

    所有的数据库角色：
    readAnyDatabase
    readWriterAnyDatabase
    userAdminAnyDatabase
    dbAdminAnyDatabase

    超级用户角色
    root(包含readWriteAnyDatabase,dbAdminAnyDatabase,userAdminAnyDatabase,clusterAdmin)

  • maven如何打包jar和源码到本地仓库

    mvn clean source:jar install

  • 如何用jar命令解包和压包

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    jar -xvf xx.jar

    jar -cvfm0 xx.jar ./META-INF/MANIFEST.MF ./

  • grep如何显示筛选行前后的内容

    cat xx | grep -C10 xx

  • boot项目打包如何包含本地包

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    <dependency>
       <groupId>net.sourceforge.cpdetector</groupId>
       <artifactId>cpdetector</artifactId>
       <version>1.0.10</version>
       <scope>system</scope>
       <systemPath>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/libs/cpdetector_1.0.10.jar</systemPath>
    </dependency>

    <build>
    	<plugins>
    		<plugin>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			<configuration>
    				<includeSystemScope>true</includeSystemScope>
    			</configuration>
    		</plugin>
    	</plugins>

    	<resources>
    		<resource>
    			<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
    			<excludes>
    				<exclude>libs/**</exclude>
    			</excludes>
    		</resource>
    	</resources>
    </build>

  • docker 拉取镜像失败怎么办

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    [root@localhost image]# docker pull centos:7
    Error response from daemon: Get "https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/": dial tcp: lookup registry-1.docker.io on 8.8.8.8:53: read udp 192.168.126.128:55735->8.8.8.8:53: i/o timeout

    先检查nameserver，不对更改尝试

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    echo nameserver 8.8.8.8 > /etc/resolv.conf
    service network restart
    systemctl restart docker

    如果nameserver配置正确，可尝试多次停止、启动

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    systemctl stop docker
    systemctl start docker

  • Flask+Gunicorn多进程怎么玩转

    https://blog.csdn.net/luanpeng825485697/article/details/92767998

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    gunicorn -v
    gunicorn -w 2 -b 0.0.0.0:45897 main:app -t 60

    main为py文件名称，app为Flask实例名

    -b 访问地址，0.0.0.0可以监听所有ip请求

    -w 进程数，默认1，若服务本身比较消耗内存等资源，不建议启动太多数量的进程

    -t 允许的响应时间，秒，默认30秒，处理请求和响应请求超过该时间服务会重启，该次请求会失败

    –threads 每个进程的线程数，默认1

    若日志中频繁打印如下警告，便可能是资源不足导致的进程重启，应根据jmeter等工具的压测结果适量减少进程数，资源不足的情况下增加进程数可能是负优化，反而降低qps，异常率上升

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    [WARNING] Worker with pid 5823 was terminated due to signal 2
    [INFO] Shutting down: Master

    推荐Flask写法，既能python直接启动，也能gunicorn启动

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    if __name__ == "__main__":
        app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=45897, debug=False)

  • Flask返回格式怎么封装

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    class Result(object):
        def __init__(self, data, code, msg):
            self.data = data
            self.code = code
            self.msg = msg

        @classmethod
        def success(cls, data=None, code=200, msg='success'):
            return cls(data, code, msg).to_dict()

        @classmethod
        def error(cls, data=None, code=500, msg='error'):
            return cls(data, code, msg).to_dict()

        def to_dict(self):
            return {
                "code": self.code,
                "msg": self.msg,
                "data": self.data
            }

    使用：

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    # success
    return jsonify(Result.success(data=res))
    # error
    return jsonify(Result.success(msg=str(e)))

  • Random阻塞怎么办

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    SecureRandom.getInstanceStrong() 改为 SecureRandom.getInstance("NativePRNGNonBlocking")

    https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13209_01/wlcp/wlss30/configwlss/jvmrand.html

  • 163邮箱连接提示如下怎么办？

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    javax.mail.MessagingException: A4 NO EXAMINE Unsafe Login. Please contact [email protected] for help

    https://help.mail.163.com/faqDetail.do?code=d7a5dc8471cd0c0e8b4b8f4f8e49998b374173cfe9171305fa1ce630d7f67ac211b1978002df8b23

  • Android Studio怎么设置中文

    Android Studio版本

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    Android Studio Dolphin | 2021.3.1
    Build #AI-213.7172.25.2113.9014738, built on September 1, 2022

    其中213.7172.25便是idea版本号

    在如下可查到idea完整版本

    https://confluence.jetbrains.com/dashboard.action

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    IntelliJ IDEA 2021.3.3 (213.7172.25 build) Release

    在插件网站

    https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/13710-chinese-simplified-language-pack----/versions

    关键版本是两个：2021.3.3、213，所以下载213最新版即可

    然后在Android Studio里通过File -Sttrings-plugins-InstallPlugin from Disk…安装即可

  • 常用尺寸照片分辨率是什么

    一寸：295*413

    二寸：414*579

  • es如何启动

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    ./elasticsearch -d
    nohup ./kibana --allow-root &

  • curl

    • post

      • application/x-www-form-urlencoded

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        curl -X POST -d "name=zhangsan&pwd=123" http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/auth

      • application/json

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        curl -X POST -d '{"name":"zhangsan","pwd": "123"}' -H "Content-Type:application/json" http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/auth

  • win11怎么使用ie

    • 发送程序到桌面快捷方式

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      C:\Program Files (x86)\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe

    • 右键-属性-快捷方式-目标，修改为如下：

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      "C:\Program Files (x86)\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" https://www.baidu.com/#ie={inputEncoding}&wd=%s -Embedding

  • feign下载文件怎么获取原始文件名

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    try (Response response = gbotFileFeignService.downFile(SOURCE, sourceId, token);
         InputStream inputStream = response.body().asInputStream()) {

        Map<String, Collection<String>> headers = response.headers();
        
        // fileName
        String fileName;
        List<String> contentDispositions = new ArrayList<>(headers.get(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_DISPOSITION));
        Iterator<String> contentDispositionIterator = contentDispositions.iterator();
        if (contentDispositionIterator.hasNext()) {
            String contentDisposition = contentDispositionIterator.next();
            String[] contentDispositionArr = StringUtils.splitByWholeSeparator(contentDisposition, "filename=");
            if (contentDispositionArr.length > 1) {
                fileName = URLDecoder.decode(contentDispositionArr[1], StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
            }
        }

        // contentType
        String contentType = null;
        Collection<String> contentTypes = headers.get(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE);
        Iterator<String> contentTypesIterator = contentTypes.iterator();
        if (contentTypesIterator.hasNext()) {
             contentType = contentTypesIterator.next();
        }
    }

  • 微信朋友圈封面怎么保存

    路径位于：内部存储设备-Android-data-com.tencent.mm-cache-d138a5a1a54f5700d771805301d8165c（随机字符串）-sns-2（随机数字）-9（随机数字）-好友微信号bg_
    如果cache下目录太多，不好确定在哪个文件夹里，先删除cache目录，访问好友朋友圈一次，重新生成的cache目录里一下就找到了

  • make命令报错怎么解决

    • 错误一： make: *** /lib/modules/3.10.0-1160.90.1.el7.x86_64/build/: 没有那个文件或目录

      删除/lib/modules/3.10.0-1160.90.1.el7.x86_64/build软连接，重新建立，指向/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-1160.102.1.el7.x86_64

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      make -C /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build/ M=`pwd`

      ln -s /usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-1160.102.1.el7.x86_64 /lib/modules/3.10.0-1160.90.1.el7.x86_64/build

  • linux怎么安装博通BCM43142驱动

    • 查看无线网卡型号

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      [root@localhost src]# /sbin/lspci | grep Broadcom
      08:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries BCM43142 802.11b/g/n (rev 01)

    • 安装驱动编译程序

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      yum install kernel-headers kernel-devel gcc

    • 创建驱动编译目录，放到/usr/local/src目录便于留存

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      mkdir /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl
      cd /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl

    • 下载驱动至/usr/local/src/hybrid-wl，并解压

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      tar -xzvf hybrid-v35_64-nodebug-pcoem-6_30_223_271.tar.gz

      博通官网
      Linux® STA 64-bit driver

    • 下载并安装补丁

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      patch -p1 < ./patch/wl-kmod-01_kernel_4.7_IEEE80211_BAND_to_NL80211_BAND.patch
      patch -p1 < ./patch/wl-kmod-02_kernel_4.8_add_cfg80211_scan_info_struct.patch
      patch -p1 < ./patch/wl-kmod-03_fix_kernel_warnings.patch
      patch -p1 < ./patch/wl-kmod-04_kernel_4.11_remove_last_rx_in_net_device_struct.patch
      patch -p1 < ./patch/wl-kmod-05_kernel_4.12_add_cfg80211_roam_info_struct.patch
      patch -p1 < ./patch/wl-kmod-fix-ioctl-handling.patch

      补丁下载

    • 替换代码

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      sed -i 's/[ >][>=] KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 3.)/>= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 32)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/[ >][>=] KERNEL_VERSION(3, ., .)/>= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 32)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/[ >][>=] KERNEL_VERSION(3, 11, .)/>= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 32)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/< KERNEL_VERSION(3, 18, .)/< KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 30)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/[ >][>=] KERNEL_VERSION(3, 15, .)/>= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 32)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/[ >][>=] KERNEL_VERSION(4, 0, 0)/>= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 32)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/< KERNEL_VERSION(4,2,0)/< KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 30)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c

      sed -i 's/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 11, 0)/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 10, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 15, 0)/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 10, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ < KERNEL_VERSION(3, 18, 0)/ < KERNEL_VERSION(3, 9, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 0, 0)/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 10, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ < KERNEL_VERSION(4,2,0)/ < KERNEL_VERSION(3, 9, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 7, 0)/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 10, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 8, 0)/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 10, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 11, 0)/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 10, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ < KERNEL_VERSION(4, 12, 0)/ < KERNEL_VERSION(3, 9, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 12, 0)/ >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 10, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c
      sed -i 's/ <= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 10, 0)/ < KERNEL_VERSION(3, 9, 0)/' src/wl/sys/wl_linux.c

    • 编译驱动

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      [root@localhost hybrid-wl]# make
      KBUILD_NOPEDANTIC=1 make -C /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build M=`pwd`
      make[1]: 进入目录“/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-1160.102.1.el7.x86_64”
      CFG80211 API is prefered for this kernel version
      Using CFG80211 API
        CC [M]  /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl/src/wl/sys/wl_linux.o
        CC [M]  /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl/src/wl/sys/wl_iw.o
        CC [M]  /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl/src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.o
      /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl/src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c:1845:2: 警告：从不兼容的指针类型初始化 [默认启用]
        .get_station = wl_cfg80211_get_station,
        ^
      /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl/src/wl/sys/wl_cfg80211_hybrid.c:1845:2: 警告：(在‘wl_cfg80211_ops.get_station’的初始化附近) [默认启用]
        LD [M]  /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl/wl.o
        Building modules, stage 2.
      CFG80211 API is prefered for this kernel version
      Using CFG80211 API
        MODPOST 1 modules
        CC      /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl/wl.mod.o
        LD [M]  /usr/local/src/hybrid-wl/wl.ko
      make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-1160.102.1.el7.x86_64”

    • 安装

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      [root@localhost hybrid-wireless]# make install
      install -D -m 755 wl.ko /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/net/wireless

    • 从内核中移除现在可能存在的无线模块

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      modprobe -r bcm43xx
      modprobe -r b43
      modprobe -r b43legacy
      modprobe -r ssb
      modprobe -r bcma
      modprobe -r brcmsmac
      modprobe -r ndiswrapper

    • 创建模块依赖

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      depmod `uname -r`

    • 载入驱动模块

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      modprobe wl

      • 可能遇到的错误

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        [root@localhost wireless]# modprobe wl
        modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'wl': Required key not available

        原因是系统启用了UEFI安全启动，无线网卡驱动wl模块没有正确签名，被内核拒绝加载

        解决方式是BOIS中找到Secure Boot选项，将Enable改为Disable

    • 检查驱动

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      [root@localhost hybrid-wl]# lsmod | grep wl
      wl                   6449773  0 
      cfg80211              719008  1 wl

    • 连接wifi

      • 查看无线网络接口名称，为wlp8s0

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        [root@localhost ~]# iwconfig
        wlp8s0    IEEE 802.11  ESSID:off/any  
                  Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.447 GHz  Access Point: Not-Associated   
                  Tx-Power=200 dBm   
                  Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
                  Encryption key:off
                  Power Management:off

      • 启动 NetworkManager 服务

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        systemctl start NetworkManager
        systemctl enable NetworkManager

      • 扫描无线网

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        nmcli device wifi list

      • 连接

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        nmcli device wifi connect SSID password PASSWORD

      • 分配IP地址

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        dhclient -r wlp8s0
        dhclient wlp8s0

      • 查看连接信息

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        nmcli connection show

      • 查看连接状态

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        nmcli device show

      • 断开连接

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        nmcli device disconnect wlp8s0

  • yum怎么更换阿里源

    • 备份本地yum源

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      mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo_bak

    • 替换阿里yum源

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      wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

    • 替换阿里epel源

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      wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

    • 清除并重建缓存

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      yum clean all && yum makecache

  • ssh连接慢怎么处理

    • 可能原因一：DNS解析导致

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      vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
      UseDNS no
      1
      systemctl restart sshd

  • 如何将一个可执行程序注册为windows服务

    1
    sc create gitea start= auto binPath= "\"D:\ProgramFiles\Sync\Gitea\gitea.exe\" web --config \"D:\ProgramFiles\Sync\Gitea\custom\conf\app.ini\""

    计算机管理-服务和应用程序-服务，找到gitea并启动

    （扩展）从windows服务删除

    1
    sc delete gitea

  • vue3如何引入全局变量

    • vuex

      • main.ts

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        import store from './stores';

        app.use(store)

      • stores/index.ts

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        import { createStore } from 'vuex'

        export default createStore({
          state: {
            user: { username: '' },
            yDoc: {} as Doc,
            websocketProvider: {} as WebsocketProvider,
          }
        })

      • 用的地方

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        import { useStore } from 'vuex'

        const global = useStore().state
        console.log(global.user.username)
        console.log(global.yDoc)
        console.log(global.websocketProvider)

    • pinia(推荐)

      • main.ts

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        import { createPinia } from 'pinia'

        app.use(createPinia())

      • stores/index.ts

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        import { defineStore } from 'pinia'

        export const useGlobalStore = defineStore('global', {
          state: () => ({
            user: { username: '' },
            yDoc: {} as Doc,
            websocketProvider: {} as WebsocketProvider,
          })
        })

      • 用的地方

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        import { useGlobalStore } from '@/stores'

        const global = useGlobalStore()
        console.log(global.user.username)
        console.log(global.yDoc)
        console.log(global.websocketProvider)

    • 单例模式共享（有些复杂对象无法序列化）

      • YjsManager.ts

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        import { Doc } from 'yjs'
        import { WebsocketProvider } from 'y-websocket'

        class YjsManager {
          static instance: YjsManager
          yDoc: Doc
          wsProvider: WebsocketProvider

          constructor() {
            this.yDoc = new Doc()
            this.wsProvider = new WebsocketProvider('ws://localhost:1234', 'my-room', this.yDoc)
          }

          static getInstance() {
            if (!YjsManager.instance) {
              YjsManager.instance = new YjsManager()
            }
            return YjsManager.instance
          }
        }

        export default YjsManager

      • 用的地方

        • 方式一：

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          import YjsManager from './YjsManager';

          const yjsManager = YjsManager.getInstance();
          const yDoc = yjsManager.yDoc;
          const wsProvider = yjsManager.wsProvider;

          console.log(yDoc, wsProvider);

        • 方式二：

          main.ts

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          import { provide } from 'vue';
          import YjsManager from './YjsManager';

          const yjsManager = YjsManager.getInstance();

          provide('yDoc', yjsManager.yDoc);
          provide('wsProvider', yjsManager.wsProvider);

          用的地方

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          import { inject } from 'vue';

          const yDoc = inject('yDoc');
          const wsProvider = inject('wsProvider');

          console.log(yDoc, wsProvider);

tag:

    缺失模块。
    1、请确保node版本大于6.2
    2、在博客根目录（注意不是yilia根目录）执行以下命令：
    npm i hexo-generator-json-content --save

    3、在根目录_config.yml里添加配置： 

      jsonContent:
    meta: false
    pages: false
    posts:
      title: true
      date: true
      path: true
      text: false
      raw: false
      content: false
      slug: false
      updated: false
      comments: false
      link: false
      permalink: false
      excerpt: false
      categories: false
      tags: true

不过匆匆<br>Technology changes life,<br>but loses something.